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The Cantonese phrase "Wok hei" ( simplified Chinese: 镬气; traditional Chinese: 鑊氣; Jyutping: wok 6 hei 3) literally, the "breath of the wok", refers to the distinct charred, smoky flavor resulting from stir-frying foods over an open flame in Cantonese cuisine. [16] The second character (simplified Chinese: 气; traditional Chinese: 氣) is transliterated as qi ( chi) according to its Standard Chinese pronunciation, so wok hei is sometimes rendered as wok chi in Western cookbooks. Wok hei refers to the flavor, taste, and "essence" imparted by a hot wok on food during stir frying. [2] [17] It is particularly important for Cantonese dishes requiring high heat for fragrance such as char kuay teow and beef chao fen. Out of the Eight Culinary Traditions of China, the wok hei concept is only encountered in Cantonese cuisine, and may not even be an accepted underlying principle in most other Chinese cuisines. [16] On the plus side, you can use any utensils (including metal) on the patented surface (which is free of the chemical compound PFOA) without fear of damaging it. The cast stainless steel handles stay cool (and look swish). Plus, the whole thing is oven safe up to 260 degrees celcius (handy, if your guests are always late). a b "What does Wokhei mean?". Wokhei. Archived from the original on 2011-10-21 . Retrieved 4 March 2012. Stewing: Woks are sometimes used for stewing though it is more common in Chinese cuisines to use either stoneware or porcelain for such purposes, especially when longer stewing times are required. Small woks are for hot pot, particularly in Hainan cuisine. These are served at the table over a sterno flame. Deep frying: This is usually accomplished with larger woks to reduce splashing, but for deep frying of less food or small food items, small woks are also used.
In recent years, some consumer indoor stoves using natural gas or propane have begun offering higher-BTU burners. A few manufacturers of such stoves, notably Kenmore Appliances and Viking Range Corp. now include a specially designed high-output bridge-type wok burner as part of their standard or optional equipment, though even high-heat models are limited to a maximum of around 27,000 BTU (7.9kW). [ citation needed] Woks are used in a range of Chinese cooking techniques, including stir frying, steaming, pan frying, deep frying, poaching, boiling, braising, searing, stewing, making soup, smoking and roasting nuts. [2] Wok cooking is often done with utensils called chǎn ( spatula) or sháo ( ladle) whose long handles protect cooks from high heat. The uniqueness of wok cooking is conveyed by the Cantonese term wok hei: "breath of the wok".In Indonesia, a wok-like pan is known as a penggorengan or wajan (also spelled wadjang, from Javanese language, from the root word waja meaning " steel"). [18] In Malaysia, it is called a kuali (small wok) or kawah (big wok). [18] Similarly in the Philippines, the wok is known as kawali or carajay in Tagalog, and it is called talyasi in Kapampangan, while bigger pans used for festivals and gatherings are known as kawa. [19] [20] [21] In India, a similar pan is called karahi. [22] Coupled with the lower heat retention of woks, meals stir-fried on electric stoves have a tendency to stew and boil when too much food is in the wok rather than "fry" as in traditional woks, thus not producing wok hei. A wok can, however, benefit from the slow steady heating of electric stoves when used for slower cooking methods such as stewing, braising, and steaming, and immersion cooking techniques such as frying and boiling. Many Chinese cooks use Western style cast-iron pans for stir-frying on electric stoves, since they hold enough heat for the required sustained high temperatures. [2] López-Alt, J. Kenji (2022). The Wok: Recipes and Techniques. W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 9780393541229.
A wok ( Chinese: 鑊; pinyin: huò; Cantonese wohk) is a deep round-bottomed cooking pan of Chinese origin. It is believed to be derived from the South Asian karahi. It is common in Greater China, and similar pans are found in parts of East, South and Southeast Asia, [1] as well as being popular in other parts of the world.
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Reed, Pat (March 29, 2006). "Which wok? How to choose the right pan". The Santa Fe New Mexican. ProQuest 331648783. a b c Grigson, Jane (January 1985), World Atlas of Food, Bookthrift Company, ISBN 978-0-671-07211-7
Public wok racing is only practiced once a year at The "World Wok Racing Championships" (German: Wok-WM, German pronunciation: [ˈvɔk.veːˌɛm], lit. Wok Worldcup) which is aired as special edition of Raab's show TV total on the German television channel ProSieben. The network used to declare these broadcasts as sporting events. Under German law that allowed the network to treat the massive corporate sponsorship of the event as incidental advertising which didn't count against Germany's strict rules regarding time limits for TV commercials. After a Berlin court ruling in 2009, however, the shows have to be labeled as an infomercial, since – unlike a regular sporting event – the races are explicitly staged for the TV broadcast, and there is strong evidence that the profits of the event sponsorship directly benefit the network. [2] World Wok Racing Championships [ edit ] Venues [ edit ] The first possible depictions of woks in China appeared in the Han dynasty (c. 202 BCE - 220 CE). But these are conjectural, since these "woks" were made of clay and were only used to dry grains. [7] Metal woks only started to appear in China in the Ming dynasty (1368 - 1644), where it was first used for stir frying (an original Han Chinese innovation). [7] [4] Characteristics [ edit ] A wok (left) and karahi on a Western-style gas stove. Note that the karahi is sitting on an ordinary burner cover, while the round-bottomed wok is balanced on a wok-ring. If you love Chinese food, you must have tasted a dish or two that is cooked in a wok. Do you know that a wok can be used for cooking many dishes, not just for stir-fry? Learn more about what a wok is, how to use it and how to care for it with this guide. The most common materials used in making woks today are carbon steel and cast iron. [2] Although the latter was the most common type used in the past, cooks tend to be divided on whether carbon steel or cast iron woks are superior. [9] Carbon steel [ edit ] a b E.N., Anderson (1988). The Food of China. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp.184–5. ISBN 0300047398.a b c Wilkinson, Endymion Porter (2000). Chinese History: A Manual. Harvard University Asia Center. p.647. ISBN 9780674002494. Stewart, Randy (19 July 2009). "Choose Your Wok Wisely". Love That Kimchi.com . Retrieved 4 March 2012. The wok is probably the most versatile piece of equipment in Chinese cooking. It can have a round or flat bottom. They conduct heat in a slightly different way due to the shape, but it does not make much difference for day to day cooking - a round bottom is better for high heat stir frying, a flat bottom is better for searing and shallow frying. The high, curved sides of a wok allow food to be tossed around so that all ingredients can be cooked evenly at a high heat. You can also sit a bamboo steamer on top for making bao or dumplings. With this in mind, in my attempt to determine the very best, I reviewed a selection of woks, judging them for durability, weight, aesthetic, ease of use and maintenance, the feel of the handles when cooking, and depth of flavour (you really can tell the difference on this front). Every month or so, if you have time, it is recommended to re-season your wok. Heat it up and then use a piece of kitchen paper to apply a thin layer of vegetable oil. Repeat three to four times and then wash and dry before putting it away, as suggested previously. How is a wok used in Chinese cooking?
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